Cultivating flowers for sale is done not only by the owners of small household farms, but also by greenhouse business professionals.
In greenhouses you can create perfect conditions for a variety of plants.
Floral business has a good profitability, but it is suitable only for people who are well versed in crop production.
Greenhouses for professionals and amateurs
Industrial greenhouses for growing flowers are impressive in size (from 1 ha). Most often they built on a metal frame and covered with glass. In regions with a cold climate, double glazing is used, creating a thermos effect. Industrial greenhouses are made high, the structures are equipped with supporting internal columns.
For farmersplanning their own business in breeding flowers greenhouses will do medium size, from 100 to 200 square meters. m. Best of all proven construction of galvanized metal, not susceptible to corrosion. Greenhouses are covered with polycarbonate sheets, which retains heat very well. Polycarbonate constructions are durable, do not break under the influence of snow.
Flexible sheets can be given any shape. Perfect floral greenhouses are being made sloping, the south side should be below the north. This design significantly improves insolation and helps to save on heating. It is more practical to lay out the northern wall with a bar or cinder blocks. A blank wall will protect the greenhouse from the wind and create a solar panel effect.
The best greenhouse location - from west to east. When building a greenhouse for flowers, it is worth considering the possibility of expanding the economy. Renting a site, it is worth leaving a place to build another 2-3 structures.
Advantages and disadvantages of business
Greenhouse professionals believe that growing flowers in a greenhouse as a business is the most profitable option for beginners and experienced entrepreneurs. Among the advantages of greenhouse floriculture:
- high demand for quality flowers, stable throughout the year;
- in winter and spring, the margin on plants increases significantly;
- in the greenhouse you can grow any plantsincluding exotic ones;
- greenhouses are suitable for breeding seedlings and pot crops;
- high yield. From one rose bush you can cut about 250 flowers.
Despite the obvious advantages, growing flowers in greenhouses has disadvantages:
- Flowers - capricious culturerequiring attentive care. Business is suitable only for people who understand a lot about agriculture.
- Year-round heating greenhouses will be expensive. The colder the region, the less profitable the business will be.
- Cut flowers have limited shelf life.
- It is important to think about the sale of products. For a successful and fast sale, you need to establish several channels: outlets on the market and in kiosks, flower shops, wholesale buyers, etc.
What flowers to grow?
Opinions of experts concerning ideal cultures for greenhouses diverge. Some believe that best flower for closed ground - a rose. It is very fruitful, from one bush per year can be cut from 200 to 250 flowers. There are many varieties created specifically for greenhouses. Roses are willing to buy wholesalers and retail, the demand for them is stable throughout the year.
Those who decide to make a choice in favor of roses should start with proven varieties that give good yields and are resistant to diseases. In greenhouses most often planted hybrid tea roses, cultivation on own roots or on stocks is possible. Among the most popular varieties:
- Karina (pink);
- Baccarat (orange-red);
- Little Flirt (red-yellow);
- Better Times (red).
For cultivation in greenhouses fit and chrysanthemums. Indoors, you can grow large-flowered and small-flowered varieties of different colors. Chrysanthemums resistant to pests, they are stored for a long time after cutting.
Greenhouse owners can bet on seasonal flowers: varietal tulips, crocuses, hyacinths. When growing tulips in a greenhouse, in greenhouses, you can shoot several harvests per year.
Seasonal cultures can be combined with other plants planting them alternately.
A very promising option - growing flowers in pots. The cost of such plants is comparable to the soil, and the margin on them is significantly higher. In addition, potted flowers are more durable, which increases their attractiveness for retail. In greenhouses successfully grow miniature roses, mini-chrysanthemums, hyacinths and other bulbous, orchids, cyclamen.
Some flower growers are betting on seasonal summers. Growing seedlings and ampelous plants in hanging baskets can bring a good income. Suspended structures are willingly bought by shop owners, catering establishments, and various summer playgrounds.
How to equip a greenhouse?
Flowers very demanding high-quality lighting, the level of moisture and nutritional value of the soil. But the main question is the heating of the greenhouse. It can be solved by built-in mini-boilers, but small structures are often heated with conventional heaters or stoves.
Heating is also possible with the help of fires, the use of biofuels. Sheet of roofing felt, which are laid out outside around the perimeter, will help to keep warm.
Even the simplest greenhouses need an airing system and curtains for shading during the summer heat. The design can be supplemented with a system of drip irrigation, fogging, temperature control and humidity levels.
All these functions can automate. This approach will help to save on hired staff for the maintenance of greenhouses, but the initial investment will increase significantly.
It is possible to plant flowers directly into the ground, in suspended vessels or containers installed on the racks. In industrial conditions, flowers are grown in bags filled with substrates of pearlite, coconut fiber, mineral wool, etc.
Prepared mats are laid out in special gutters with drainage holes pre-rooted in rassadnymi cubes plants are planted in the substrate. This technology allows you to significantly save space in the greenhouse, up to 7 rose bushes are placed on one running meter.
Calculation of profitability
Making a business plan for the future economy, you must consider all costs. Will be required significant upfront investment, business pays back not earlier than in a year. The list of basic expenses includes:
- Construction and equipment of the greenhouse (120 sq. M.) - from 100,000 to 500,000 rubles. The most expensive option includes an automated system of irrigation, air humidification, ventilation and shading, as well as the installation of an electric heating system.
- Purchase of varietal planting material and fertilizers - from 50 000 rubles.
- Registration of legal entity, obtaining certificates for products - from 10 000 rubles. Required to work with retail chains or trade through its own store.
- Heating and lighting of greenhouses - from 20,000 per month.
To the expenditure side, you can add the cost of renting or purchasing a land plot, transportation, and salaries of hired personnel.
Revenues depend on the chosen method of implementation and the season. Most profitable option - retail. Flowers can be donated to retail chains or open your own florist salon. Wholesales reduce profits, but help significantly increase turnover. Owners of large greenhouses use the combined methods of implementation, combining retail and wholesale.
The reason for this is a decrease in supply, reduced competition by small entrepreneurs and increased demand.
To calculate the profit, you can take the average wholesale price for a rose (40 rubles). Greenhouse in 100 square meters. m can hold up to 400 rose bushes. In the year they will give at least 80,000 flowers. Thus, the business of growing roses in the greenhouse, according to minimal estimates, will amount to 3,200,000 rubles. Profitability business is 70-75%.
Cultivation of flowers in greenhouses is a promising business. The idea of import substitution has reduced competition from foreign producers, while the demand for high-quality plants has not decreased. Starting with one small greenhouse, already next year you can expand, erecting another 1-2 designs and increasing the area of landings. By optimizing sales, you can increase profitability up to 80-100%.
Business - Flowers - Greenhouse, details in the video below:
