Grapes - a magnificent, noble plant, the cultivation of which people are engaged with deep antiquity. And today, with the advent of new highly productive and resistant varieties, interest in this culture is only increasing.
Fragrant, juicy berries with great pleasure grow on their plots professional growers and novice amateur gardeners in various regions of the country.
Currently, a large number of grape varieties, with different taste characteristics and technical qualities that can satisfy the most demanding consumers, have been bred.
One of them - variety "Rusven", which is a joint "brainchild" of breeders of Russia and Hungary.
Grapes Rusven: description of the variety
"Rusven" - pink table grapes of very early ripening.
To the pink table varieties belong such varieties Dubovskiy pink, Amirkhan and Angelica.
Thanks to its delicate, delicate taste with pleasant sage-nutmeg notes Good for making wine. It can also be used fresh.
The shortest growing season, a total of 110-115 days, allows you to grow this variety in different climatic conditions, including rather cool regions, such as Moscow region, Central and North-Western regions of the country.
One of the main advantages "Rusvena" is its increased yield and good rooting. The cuttings of this variety take root very quickly and in the second year they can produce fruit.
Excellent yields are demonstrated by the Isabella varieties, the Podarok Magaracha and the Anniversary of the Kherson Summer Resident.
This variety of grapes is well suited for grafting. It normally carries other varieties, but to obtain high-quality fruits with an attractive appearance and improve crop yields, it is necessary to use the material of this same variety for grafting "Rusvena".
Appearance and distinctive features
Grapes "Rusven" belongs to the group of medium and strong-growing varieties with strong, powerful shoots. It has large, well-formed clusters of cylindrical-conical or cylindrical shape, of average density, sometimes with a wing. The average weight of the brushes is about 350-550 gbut can reach 1 kg.
Berries of this variety are also distinguished by their large size and weight. With dimensions of 23x22 mm, they weigh 56 g. Juicy, with a fleshy structure and a pronounced nutmeg aroma.
Muscat taste and demonstrate such varieties Delight Muscat, Galben Nou and Muscat Pleven.
Peel - thin, well bites off. The color of the fruit is green-pink, with a long stay in the sun acquiring a slightly red hue.
The number of bunches on the shoot - 1-1.5 pcs. The fruitfulness of the eyes - good along the entire length. Permissible load on the bush - 30-40 holes. Crop - 6-8 eyes, but it can be cut and shorter: 2-4 eyes. In this case, the grapes will please with large, beautiful tassels, weighing up to 1 kilogram, and high-quality, juicy berries of a decent size.
In conditions of overmoistening, the fruits of "Rusven" can crack, losing their attractiveness and presentation.
To avoid this unpleasant phenomenon, the soil under the bushes should be mulched, and the mulch layer should be thick enough (at least 5-8 cm).
Useful tips:
- To obtain a good harvest, it is necessary to continuously control the strength of the growth of the shoots of this variety and their load with brushes.
- Noticing that the rate of development of clusters is reduced, it is necessary to make their extraordinary pruning, additionally removing all the lower parts of each brush.
- Cleaned unripe brushes can be placed in a plastic bag and stored in the refrigerator, using a delicious and fragrant compote for cooking (this grape is especially good when combined with cherries).
A photo
History of origin and selection
The variety “Rusven” is obliged by its appearance to breeders of two countries: Russia and Hungary. Specialists of FSBI VNIIVIV them. ME AND. Potapenko, Novocherkassk, Rostov Region, and NIIVIV, Kecskemet, Hungary.
As the parent material for the creation of this variety of grapes were used varieties R-66 and Muscat de Saint Valle (CB 20-473).
Despite its "southern" origin, the Rusven grape is suitable for growing in various regions of the country and feels great in the Moscow region, where it winters without shelter and gives consistently good yields due to its high aging rate and low susceptibility to the development of diseases.
Equally unpretentious and stable Aleshenkin Dar, Giovanni and Denisovsky.
Specifications
One of the main distinguishing features of the variety "Rusven", which makes it popular with winegrowers, is its high fertility and yield, ranging from 13 to 16 t / ha.
The number of fruitful shoots on a bush is 65-80%. Fertility rate: 1.1 - 1.5.
The taste of this variety is very harmonious and pleasant. Such varieties as Ruta, Chocolate or Romeo can boast of excellent taste.
Content sugar in fruits - about 20%, with acidity from 7 to 9 g / l. Very good "Rusven" for the preparation of high quality dessert and table wines.
Has increased frost resistance. It tolerates negative temperatures (up to -25-27 degrees), without requiring the creation of shelter for the winter. Differs in good transportability, in transit without losing its shape and attractive appearance.
Excellent cold resistance and demonstrate the beauty of the North, Super Extra and Arched.
It is sufficiently resistant to specific diseases of grapes, such as mildew, oidium, anthracnose, chlorosis and various kinds of rot.
Pests and diseases
The characteristic muscat-sage aroma of "Rusven", which appears during the ripening of berries of this variety, is a real lure for the ubiquitous pests - wasps, who gladly eat out its juicy sweet berries, creating a real threat to the harvest. Moreover, the wasps become especially active after the rains, when bursting berries appear on the bushes, so it is imperative to take measures to protect the grapes from cracking.
In addition, there are several ways to deal with this “disaster”:
- With thick paper or fabric. They cover ripening fruits, and wasps cannot reach them.
- You can also make of tulle or caprone (for this purpose you can use old nylon tights) small bags and gently put them on the bunches.
This method is, of course, troublesome, but quite effective. By the way, with its help sweet fruits can also be protected from birds.
- Using traps. For their manufacture, you can take the old jam, diluting it with water, and pour it into plastic bottles, thus filling 1/3 of their volume.
The resulting bait to hang on the trellis supports or branches of nearby trees. The wasps, attracted by the sweet smell, will penetrate into them to try the "treat", but they will not be able to get back.
Another variant: use of sugar syrup, kvass or beer (insects have a special weakness for it). They are also placed in plastic bottles (or glass containers).
In plastic bottles, the upper part is cut off, turned over and placed in a trap neck down (like a funnel).
For a better effect, a couple of insecticide drops can be added to the solution.
Such devices need to be hung around the perimeter of the vineyard (the more there will be, the better) before its fruiting begins. From time to time traps are cleared of dead insects and change the composition of the bait.
Another way to: boric acid syrup or jam. The latter component has a destructive effect on the chitinous cover of insects, which replaces the skeleton. Having fallen into such a trap, the wasps will carry with them a "poison" on their paws, infecting the larvae in the nest and the uterus, which will help to get rid of them quickly enough.
Thus, with the application of force and compliance with the basic rules of agrotechnology, you can grow truly tasty, beautiful and spectacular grapes on your plot, which everyone around will admire, and he will feel great even in a temperate zone, for example, in the Moscow region.
However, despite its "fertility" and yield, "Rusven" is not well suited for beginners. vine growers due to capriciousness in the care and tendency to defeat wasps and cracking berries.
To avoid these troubles, it is important to produce a preventive complex of works in time and to protect grapes from pests in a timely manner.
Then "Rusven" will surely give a good harvest with large, juicy clusters and give a lot of positive emotions and joy.
