It happens that the apple is not happy with their owners. That the harvest is small, the quality of the fruit does not suit them.
You should not blame this plant, breeders do not display useless varieties, any of them is good for its purpose.
To avoid disappointments will help the right choice of varieties: they must match your taste, and the region where they grow.
Do not waste money, first familiarize yourself with the assortment and qualities of the selected variety. For example, you decide to grow an apple BerkutovskoeWhat are its features?
Apple Berkutovskoe - description of the variety and photos of the fruit later in the article.
What kind is it?
Berkutovskoe - winter variety apples. It grows well in the middle lane and warmer regions, in these regions trees annually produce abundant crops.
Apple cultivar Berkutovkoe universal purpose, suitable for fresh consumption and for processing.
Apples well kept and do not lose their qualities until spring. Can tolerate long transportation. The dense juicy fine-grained pulp of white color has pleasant sweet-sour taste and gentle aroma.
Tastes are estimated at 4.5-4.8 points on the tasting scale, in which the highest rating is 5.
The winter apple varieties also include: Bryansk Golden, Altai Phoenix, Covenant, Snowdrop and Christmas.
Description of the variety Berkutovsky
Consider separately the appearance of the apple and its fruit.
The advantages of the Berkutovsky variety include the fact that the apple tree has small height, about 3 meters. Harvesting is easy to make from the stairs or with the help of special tools.
Crohn middle density has a rounded shape. The bark of the trunk and branches is a smooth grayish shade, shoots are red-brown in color.
Round apples about 7 cm in diameter, 7.5 cm high. Fruit weight from 150 to 250 g On the surface are small tubercles.
Peel of greenish-yellow shades with crimson stripes and patches of red blush.
Surface without wax coating, glossy. In autumn, when the harvest ripens, the trees covered with bright apples delight the eye with its beauty.
Breeding history
In the 70s breeders Saratov Experimental Station Horticulture Berkut O.D. and Kondratieva G.V. pollinated flowers of the American variety Cortland a mixture of pollen Antonovka ordinary and Anise pink-striped.
In 1987, the variety was officially registered and listed. Since 1988, the Berkutovsky apple tree has been considered to be zoned for Saratov and Volgograd regions. In 1991, the Berkutovskoye variety won the gold medal of the All-Russia Exhibition Center.
A photo
Region of growth and distribution
Variety bred for cultivation in Lower Volga region of Russia. For these climatic conditions, apple trees have high winter hardiness and drought resistance. In more northern areas, winter hardiness decreases, already in the Moscow region, it refers to the average level.
To increase the frost resistance of apple trees in the northern regions, the trunks of young trees can be wrapped with warming materials, and a wide mound of earth up to 30 cm high can be added to the roots. Spring frosts are dangerous for flowers and ovaries. To protect the crop, with a dangerous decrease in temperature trees need to fumigate with smoke.
For planting in this region are well suited varieties: Idared, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Yandykovskoe and Scala.
Yield
Apple Berkutovskoye begins bear fruit in the fourth year. The main part of the harvest is tied up on one-year-old shoots. Abundant, sustainable yields can be obtained from a seven to eight year old tree.
Fruit ripen in October, average stored until Marchbut under good conditions may remain valid until May.
The apple tree variety Berkutovsky bears fruit annually. On average, one tree can be collected 70 kg of apples.
Important! You can not grow on the site only apple varieties Berkutovskoe, they must pereopilyvatsya. The best yield is obtained in combination with the variety Northern Sinap or similar ones.
Planting and care
Planting apple varieties Bryansk made standard, as with other species.
Apple trees do not tolerate saline or wetlands. If the groundwater is not deep, drainage should be done. If this procedure does not help, you will have to grow trees on loose shafts.
The grade Berkutovsky needs pollinators, it is quite good to grow up it near an apiary. Even better, if you put a few hives in the garden.
The distance between low-grade apple trees should be not less than 3-4 m.
You can plant in the springuntil the buds start to swell on the seedlings, or fall. Do not be lazy when digging holes, make them spacious: 60 cm deep and about a meter in diameter.
In this case, in the first year after planting, the roots will have enough space to develop well in loose soil.
Before planting, inspect the seedling and remove all diseased and damaged roots and processes. Dip the roots in the clay talker, place it in a hole, cover it with earth and carefully compact the soil.
First, sprinkle the roots with a fertile layer, and then fill the pit with primer so that the vaccination site was above ground level.
After planting, the tree must be tied to a firmly fixed stake, so that when the wind load the roots do not move. The seedling needs to be plentifully watered, and the near-stem circle is mulched and it is desirable to sow with green manure.
Variety Berkutovskoe drought resistantbut in the first year after landing and in especially dry years need 2-3 times per season to water trees abundantly. Do not make the common mistake of gardeners and do not water in scant portions.
Water must be deeply saturated with soil, this requires not less than 50 l per tree.
Well, if you get a device for drip irrigation, with this method, the soil will not be overly compacted.
The space between the apple trees can be planted with green manure, periodically mow them and evenly distribute over the surface of the earth. Best for this purpose fit fescue, bluegrass or bentholes.
After a few years, the rotted mass forms a fertile soil layer in which beneficial microorganisms and earthworms will develop.
After harvesting, apple trees need fertilizer. Manure and compost are best for this purpose. In the spring before flowering and in summer, with the intensive development of fruits, it is recommended to feed the trees with slurry.
With a strong density of the crown, thinning pruning should be carried out. Remove all diseased and non-fruitful branches so that the rest will get more power and light.
Diseases and pests
Berkutovsky apple trees are resistant to most diseases of fruit trees. Problems may occur in rainy years: there is a danger of trees hitting powdery mildew.
Its pathogen winters in the kidneys, and in the spring the infected parts of the plant are covered with white bloom and dry out. Spraying sulfur is effective against this disease.
Sometimes a tree can be affected scab. The causative agent of this disease winters on fallen leaves, and in the spring the wind brings controversy to the crown.
Resistance to scab differ: Daughter Pepinchik, Uralets, Rennet Chernenko, Bryansk and Bogatyr.
Leaves and fruits are covered with brown spots with a velvety patina and fall off after a while. If an infection has occurred, the crown should be sprayed with Bordeaux liquid.
If damaged leaves and fruits appear on the apple tree, the problem does not always lie in illnesses.
Sometimes trees lack the necessary substances. Thickened leaves with yellow veins and ugly fruits with dead tissues - little boron.
Yellowed leaves with green veins - the plant asks for iron. Small deformed leaves and small pointed fruit indicate a zinc deficiency.
From pests to apple trees, ticks are dangerous. The leaves damaged by them change color, are deformed and fall. They show a cobweb. Not very pleasant and silkworms with haws.
Caterpillar caterpillars damage fruits that fall prematurely. Sheet-eating pests, such as the apple moth, can completely deprive the tree of foliage with a strong population growth.
The best remedy against harmful insects - the right care.
In the fall, carefully remove the fallen leaves and dig pristvolny circles. During pruning, remove all damaged parts of the plant.
Chemical insecticides should be used with great care and strictly follow the instructions.
In winter, young tree trunks can nibble. mice and hares. To avoid this, tightly wrap the seedlings with stalks of sunflower or spruce branches.
They must completely cover the crust without gaps and sink into the ground to a depth of at least 5 cm.
Apple Berkutovskoe has many advantages. One of his colorful views will lift your spirits and whet your appetite.
In the winter months, when stores can offer customers only imported fruits of dubious taste and quality, fruits grown on our land will supply the body with vitamins.
Plant this wonderful tree, it is hardy, easy to maintain and gives abundant crops.
