Every year, thanks to the efforts of breeders, more new grape varieties appear. Improved versions of the old species delight both buyers and gardeners.
However, behind all this, old species are lost, which, despite their small flaws, may pleasantly surprise winegrowers. One of these varieties is Rizamat.
Rizamat variety description
Is an table-raisin variety, bred at the Research Institute of Uzbekistan when crossing varieties Parkent and Katta-Kurgan.
Named in honor of the grower Rizamata Musamuhamedova. It is part of the eastern geographical group of the European species. The taste and appearance qualities significantly bypassed their “parents”.
Early varieties also include Muscat Bely, Kishmish 342 and Julian.
It’s not worth retaining them, but harvesting immediately after ripening. On average, under normal conditions, the plant goes through a full growing season for 150 days.
A positive feature of this grape is its fruitfulness. This is exactly what he is especially loved for. From one bush often get 50 - 70 kg of grapes.
Similar yields are demonstrated by the Gift of Magarach, in memory of Dombkovska and the Gift of Zaporozhye.
And if behind him properly care and grow, the fruit will delight with great taste and appearance. The grapes themselves have very juicy flesh, sugar content in the region of 18–25%, acidity 5–6 g / l. The fecundity of the shoots is about 50%, the load on the bush is 35-40 eyes when pruning. Fruit rod should be cut to 15 - 20 eyes.
However, there are varieties and negative qualities. The main ones are poor frost resistance (15 - 18 ° C) and low resistance to acid. With drastic changes in soil moisture, fruits can crack very quickly. Because of these shortcomings, grapes require reliable and frequent personal care.
Rizamat is poorly compatible with other varieties and therefore practically does not reproduce by vaccination.
Appearance of grapes
Bushes very large and require up to 10 meters of free space, but this is compensated by the rich yield properties.
Sheets medium sized, rounded and five-fingered. Bunches conical, branched and very large (can weigh up to 3 kg). The berries themselves are large, cylindrical, weighing up to 15 g.
Colour pink, the side facing the sun usually has a more intense color. The thickness of the skin is small and covered with a thin layer of wax. However, this does not affect the taste, as well as the bones, which are almost absent in the fruit.
In general, the presentable appearance and excellent taste are great advantages of this variety.
A photo
Planting and care
Many winegrowers underestimate large size bushes Rizamata, which subsequently causes serious problems.
The best in advance, when choosing a seat, clear enough space for a bush. It also follows that a single planting is the most suitable for this variety, far from other varieties.
If this option is not possible, then plant it extreme in a row, retreating about 6 meters from other bushes. If you sit near the buildings, then retreat from the foundation of at least 1 meter. Planting is best on the southern or south-western part of the backyard structure.
As for the choice of landing time, then there are two options, and each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
Spring plant best from late March to early June. At the same time, while the seedlings cannot take root, they will very much depend on moisture and protection. However, well strengthened, the bush will be able to better prepare for the winter frost.
Autumn planting it is better to spend in mid-October, when the sapling has reached a rest period and the weather is not too cold. Planting in the fall will provide a more hydrated soil and eliminate the need for heavy watering as compared with spring. And since in winter the fruit does not grow, this will ensure the safe condition of the plant until spring.
In general, there are several basic tips for the care of Rizamat:
- It is very important to water the grapes before the period of flowering and the formation of berries on the hands;
- Do not pour water directly under the shrub, dig out small watering holes, which are subsequently buried and mulched;
- Liberally fertilize grapes with organic and potassium phosphate substances;
- Do not forget about trimming the bush and eliminating stepsons;
- Never disdain hiding bushes for the winter, because the cold will easily kill these plants.
Disease protection
Another important factor good growth grape is its protection from pests and diseases.
A good and simple means of protection against oidium (to which Rizamata has poor resilience) will be agrotechnical means that ensure good ventilation of the bushes (the garter of shoots, pasynkovanie). An important tool is also the fight against weeds, do not let them grow over the bush of your grapes.
As for chemical protective equipment, it is best to carry out the prophylactic pollination of bushes with sulfur powder. This is a very old method that is still effective. The fungicidal treatment of plants is also very effective.
She is being held three times a year: the first - when the shoots reach 20 cm in length; the second - just before the flowering period; the third after the flowering period, when the berries grow to the size of a pea. Of the recommended drugs can be distinguished: Horus, Tiovit Jet, Strobe, Topaz.
Do not forget to carry out the prevention of diseases such as mildew, anthracnose, chlorosis and bacteriosis. It never hurts to take action against bacterial cancer and various types of rot.
In conclusion, we can conclude that Rizamat - very naughty grape variety. Care of him will require a large amount of time and effort. But for all your hard work, he will repay the richest harvest of the highest presentation and taste. And with the improvement of methods of protection, care for the variety has ceased to be as laborious as before.
