Many pets suffer from the infiltration of various parasites into their bodies.
Even poultry can become a carrier of various parasites, which are the causes of dangerous diseases. To such diseases, experts include simply chin.
Prostogonymoz is a trematode disease occurring in all domestic birds, but most often it is diagnosed in chickens.
In the oviduct, birds begin to settle the parasitic worms, which cause its inflammation.
In the early stages of this disease is perfectly treated, but in a more advanced version, it very often becomes the cause of the death of the hen.
What is just a henonymus chickens?
The negative impact of parasites on the health of chickens was studied relatively long ago.
Bird breeders began to notice that their hens gradually weaken for no particular reason and die in a month.
Such a spontaneous death could not help but raise questions among specialists, therefore such carcasses were thoroughly investigated.
During their study, it became clear that parasitic worms settled in the oviduct birds, which caused their death.
Trematodes themselves do not cause death. The health of poultry poorly reflected products from vital activity, which begin to rot in the oviduct, gradually leading to inflammation.
This allows the farmer to notice the disease in time and cure it, until it is too late for the bird.
Otherwise, the farm may suffer some losses, since the chicken can no longer carry eggs, and then quickly dies.
Causative agents of the disease
Prostogonimosis is caused by parasitic worms trematodes, which belong to the genus Prosthogonimus.
Of these, the most dangerous and widespread worms are Prostogonimus ovatus and Prostogonimus cuneatus from the family Plagiorchidae.
They settle in a fabric bag and bird oviduct, causing them to become inflamed.
The worms themselves have a flat and pear-shaped body.. Their length reaches 3-6 mm, and width - 1-2 mm. These dimensions allow them to be noticed even with the help of a magnifying glass when examining the internal organs of a fallen bird.
Trematodes, which are the causative agents of the disease, quickly lay eggs in the body of sick chickens. Gradually, their eggs are released into the environment through the cloaca.
As a rule, their eggs finish “ripening” in water. After 1-2 weeks, depending on the temperature of the water, the trematode eggs enter the mollusks, where the formation of the larvae ends.
From the body of the mollusk, the trematode larvae enter the intestines of dragonfly larvae, living water, where they are transformed into the following intermediate form.
When eating dragonflies, poultry gets infected. In the oviduct, the larvae of the worms in 1-2 weeks become adult individuals, continuing to lay eggs and feed at the expense of the host.
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Course and symptoms
Prostogonimoz gradually goes through several periods of development.
In the first period, the chickens look perfectly healthy, but they have a "casting" of eggs.
This phase of the disease can last for almost a month, after which the condition of the hens begins to seriously deteriorate.
Sick birds become lethargic, constantly sitting in one place or spending all their time, unsuccessfully trying to lay an egg.
At the same time, chickens eat very poorly, almost refuse any food, their feathers become ruffled and dirty. The gait of the weakened individuals is precarious, a bloated belly interferes. This stage of the disease can last for about 7 days.
The last stage of prostagonymose is characterized by elevated body temperature, there is a sharp decline in strength. The back of the chicken's body is pulled out in the form of a barrel, which prevents the hen from walking normally.
On palpation of the abdomen, the chicken begins to twitch, which indicates painful sensations. After three days, such a bird dies.
Trematodes begin active introduction into the back of the oviduct, and after that into the protein part. With their spikes, which they use to attach to the walls of internal organs, the worms injure the bird's oviduct, causing inflammation.
After some time, the hen's entire function of the protein and shell glands, resulting in the "casting" of eggs, is completely upset.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of prostonogony is established on the evaluation of the clinical symptoms of the disease, epizootological data, ovoscopic and helminthological studies.
If on the farm many hens begin to “pour out” eggs, and then completely stop laying eggs, symptoms of inflammation of the oviduct appear, and the disease itself is widespread, then experts have every reason to claim that birds suffer from simple gonoma.
The diagnosis can confirm the presence of a reservoir near the chicken farm where they can live infected dragonfly larvae.
An accurate diagnosis can be made on the basis of the dissection of fallen birds. To do this, a scraping is done with the mucous membrane of the oviduct, and then the specialist examines the biological material under a magnifying glass or microscope.
Treatment
For the treatment of simple gonoma carbon tetrachloride.
In this case, the dosage of this chemical varies from 2 to 5 ml per bird, depending on its age and general condition.
The bird receives the drug through the oral cavity with a syringe and a rubber tube. This allows you to inject the medicine directly into the goiter of the diseased layer.
However, before mass treatment of birds, this drug should be tested on 20 layers. If they tolerate treatment properly, then it can be used on other birds. For deworming it is enough to use once, and the parasite begins to die.
After such treatment, weakened chickens are kept in special enclosures for 5 days. In no case should the bird be allowed to go again while walking in the water. While the bird is sitting in a new aviary, the farmer must make a complete reorganization of the litter to avoid reinfection.
The effectiveness of the treatment of simple gonosis depends largely on the period of the disease during which treatment began.
If chickens start to receive medicine at the onset of the disease, then after a few days the thickness of the eggshell is restored, and the hen itself begins to gain strength. If the treatment was started in the second stage, the quality of the eggs can be restored only after 12 days.
As for the advanced stage of the disease, the bird is almost impossible to cure, and it dies.
Preventive measures
Before setting up a chicken farm, a chicken breeder needs to make sure that there are no swamps and bodies of water nearby.
If there are no other places for the farm, then the following measures should be resorted to.
Unsuccessful regions for this disease no need to release chickens from the house early in the morning during precipitationand also in the first few hours after the rain has ended.
At this time, all the dragonflies are sitting on the ground, so the birds can find them and eat. In the warm time of the day, they try to fly, so they become inaccessible to chickens.
In this case, the litter in any case can not just throw it away. It must be disinfected in the storages for litter.
Conclusion
Prostogonimoz is a dangerous disease for laying hens of any breed. Parasites quickly become the cause of inflammation in the oviduct, which prevents the chickens from carrying high-quality eggs.
This disease is very quickly reflected in the income of the chicken farm, so the owner of the livestock of chickens needs to respond as quickly as possible to the first symptoms of the disease in order to prevent a decrease in egg production and the death of birds.
