The Oryol rysistaya horse breed is a real national treasure, which has no analogues in the world horse breeding. The Oryol horse is a very beautiful, extraordinarily impetuous, extremely enduring and truly proud horse.
Origin
The history of the creation of the Oryol breed covers a rather long period of the turn of 2 centuries - XVIII and XIX. This breed was named after its inventor and creator, author of the idea and the first owner of Count Alexei Orlov.
The story of the idea to breed a horse like the Orlov trotter is quite interesting and spontaneous. The future Empress Catherine the Great and her favorite Count Alexei Orlov were on the road during the coup d'état to overthrow Peter III. 
Quite unexpectedly, they witnessed how halfway the horse of the Neapolitan breed, greatly tired, stopped and flatly refused to go on. I had to immediately look for a replacement in the nearby villages.
But thanks to this, the graph unexpectedly had the idea of breeding fast, beautiful, hardy and reliable trotters. Before the realization of this idea, more than one decade will pass.
Earl began to engage in horse breeding as early as the 1760s and always dreamed of a stud farm, but the first step for the manifestation of his talent in this area was that in 1762 the empress granted him 120 acres of land in the Voronezh region along with the serfs.
You will probably be interested to read about such breeds of horses as: heavy (frieze, Vladimir heavy, tinker) and riding (Akhal-Teke, appaloosa).
Here he began the construction of the plant. In 1774, during a trip, Count Orlov bought from the Turkish Sultan for the huge sum of 60 thousand rubles in silver for those days a luxurious Arabian light gray horse, known by the nickname “Smetanka” and initiating the world-famous Orel breed.
In 1775, Count Orlov retired and fully devotes himself to his beloved work. Only in 1776, Smetanka's horse on land reached the Russian possessions of the count. 
Smetanka (picture of a serf artist)
It was quite a big and very beautiful horse. He had one pair of ribs more than typical for horses, and got his nickname for almost white color.
He lived in the possession of the graph very little, but managed to leave 5 foals, of which the most promising for creating a unique breed of trotters was Polkan I from a mare of Danish origin.
Everything about him was good, but the steady trot was not peculiar to him - the main feature that Count Orlov wanted to see. Therefore, Polkan I was crossed with a Friesian mare from Holland with this feature.
So in 1784 a descendant of Smetanka was born - the stallion Leopard I. It got its name for its similarity to the leopard due to the presence of light apples on light gray wool. This horse was closest to what Count Orlov wanted.
When Barca I was 7 years old, he was made a producer, and in 17 years he gave numerous offspring, significantly superior to other horses in their qualities. He was recognized as the ancestor of the Orlov trotter. The best descendants of Barca I are considered to be the stallions Cygnus I and Amiable I, and they continued the Oryol breed.
Important! There are approximately 800 purebred trotting breeding mares in the country, and according to breeding standards, a breed with less than 1000 mares is “apprehensive”. Therefore, much more needs to be done for the complete revival of Oryol thoroughbred trotting horses.
Characteristics and description of the breed
Horses of the Orlovskaya breed are excellent trotters, who differ from the rest of horses by the peculiarity of transmitting to descendants only their best qualities, thereby improving and improving the gene pool each time.
Harmonious appearance and grace of movements - a unique fascinating combination characteristic of these animals. 
Did you know? In 1812, 500 horses from Oryol reared up and greeted Tsar Alexander I with a deafening whining thanks to the reflex developed by their new factory manager after the death of Count Orlov - serf Shishkin Vasily Ivanovich. After that, the king honored him with a diamond ring and ordered Orlov’s daughter Anna to give Shishkin a free one.
Height and weight
Orlov trotters are large, tall, stately horses. At the withers, their height ranges from 162 to 170 cm, and their weight may be a little more than half a ton. The average length of the body along an oblique line is from 160 cm, chest girth - 180 cm. 
Important! High-quality hay and oats are the main components of horse nutrition, whose diet should be balanced and consist of vegetables and fresh grass. Adequate drinking regime of pure water is an important factor for maintaining the excellent state of health of animals.
Exterior
The Oryol stallions are really very powerful, but at the same time they look fry, graceful, elegant due to the small size of the head and the stretched neck, with the chiseled bend characteristic of only swans.
Their eyes are curious, have expressiveness, inquisitiveness and extraordinary vivacity. The body is elongated and, at the same time, wide, but very muscular, strong. It has beautiful, thin, but reliable, strong and strong legs, a dense mane, a smart tail.
Oryol racers are unusually light in motion, they are surprisingly proportional.
Suit
The Oryol trotters are mostly represented by a gray suit: in apples, light gray, dark gray and even red-gray. But, at the same time, they can be of any other suit: black, bay, buckthorn, salt, roan, and red. Bulan coloring they got from the mother of Polkan I. 
Character
Oryol racers, by their very nature, are very enduring, fast, and frisky, because they contain ancestor genes with hot Arabian blood. At the same time they are kind, friendly, flexible and very executive. But by no means limp - these are proud horses, distinguished by their balance and calm.
Did you know? From the moment of the appearance of the first representatives of the Oryol breed, a test of all horses for agility was always carried out: from the age of 3, they were forced to trot 18 miles away.
Distinctive features
The main feature of Orlov horses, distinguishing them from others, is a high level of trotting. It was this quality that the creator, Count Orlov, wanted in horses first of all.
Frisky trot is a feature passed down from generation to generation to all members of this breed. This feature is widely used for mass qualitative improvement of horses of other breeds. 
Oryol horses are the first representatives of cultured trotters bred in Russia, having unique features that are not typical of other trotting horses.
It should also be noted that They perfectly adapt to any climate, unpretentious in the diet. This quality in them began to produce even Count Orlov, trying to maintain the withdrawn trotters in fairly harsh conditions and feeding them whole oats.
All this was done in order to get an excellent war horse, able to easily endure the hardships of military life.
Important! In order to maintain an excellent state of health in horses, they must be kept in a clean and ventilated room with a high-quality floor, since the cracks and pits can injure the horse. In modern conditions, in order to reduce the load on the animal, a rubber coating is made. Still need to spread sawdust or straw. Every day, horse hair needs cleaning. To avoid possible colds, after heavy loads the horse must be wiped. Hooves after jogging requires regular inspection and cleaning, they are smeared with a special ointment.
Breed use
Oryol stallions are universal horses: they are excellent workers, and in military affairs there were indispensable helpers; it was convenient to plow them, it was safe to fight them.
In recent times, small horses, namely ponies and miniature horses of the Falabella breed, are very popular.
The horse of this breed feels great in harness, it is also comfortable to ride a horse. The best representatives of the Orlov trotters can always be seen among the winners of various equestrian competitions, cross-country sports, they represent their camp at various international exhibitions, where they must win prizes.
They are widely used in the field of tourism. Also, representatives of this breed - an excellent material in terms of breeding and improvement of breeds. 
Today, after a certain crisis in the development of the breed of Orlov trotting horses, it is again revived and is in great demand due to its unique properties.
Did you know? For the purpose of testing his trotters, Count Orlov became the ancestor of the well-known “Moscow Races”, and the representatives of the Orlovka breed became the founders of the trotting sport.The horse of the Oryol breed became a reality thanks to courage and patience, dedication and competent approach to the selection of its creator.
