The most vitamin-fruit season, of course, is autumn. But many of us really want to pamper yourself as soon as possible with tasty and juicy fresh fruits that bring such an exquisite variety to our daily menu.
In part, this desire is satisfied by fruit crops of a relatively early, summer, ripening period. One of the typical (though not without their own nuances) representatives of this “family” is pear Oryol beauty, further description of this variety in the article. She pleases not only with her positive name, but also with a number of excellent consumer qualities.
What kind of pears refers?
As already mentioned, "Oryol Beauty" - summer variety. They attribute it to this category because its fruits ripen in the first half of August.
At the same time, the consumer period, during which pears can be stored without loss of their commercial qualities and taste, usually lasts 2-3 weeks.
It should be noted that the mentioned precocity standard is set in accordance with the terms that have been achieved in the Oryol region - "reference" for this pear.
Terms of ripening of its fruits can be adjusted in one direction or another, depending on the region of cultivation.
Thus, this variety attracts the attention primarily of those gardeners who do not want to wait for the harvest of autumn pears. However, from many summer and early summer varieties "Oryol Beauty" favorably differs by longer periods of keeping quality.
Another feature of the described type is his average earlyness. This category indicates the age of the beginning of the normal fruiting of the tree, and the beginning is the year of the graft in the nursery, and not the time of planting the seedling (the tree planted may be 1 year old, or maybe 2-3 years old). "Oryol beauty" begins to bear fruit for 5-7 years of its life.
Summer pear varieties also include: Rogneda, Duchess, Chizhovskaya, Severyanka and Lel.
Breeding history and breeding regions
Universal variety was bred on the basis of the All-Russian Research Institute for Breeding Fruit Crops (Oryol Region).
This institute is well known in Russia and beyond its borders to create a variety of promising competitive varieties of fruit plants that can be effectively grown using modern intensive technologies.
The year 1977 is considered the year of birth of the Oryol Beauty.
A team of scientists-breeders worked on a new pear: E. Sedov (group leader, doctor of agricultural sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences), N. Krasova, A. Kuznetsova.
At the moment, "Oryol Beauty" is different in that its pedigree contains genes are only European pear varieties.
Soon after the end of the selection, the novelty was entered in the State Varietal Register. Currently, the pear is zoned mainly in gardening farms Central Black Earth Region of Russia.
"Oryol beauty" can be grown in other regions, but its creators do not guarantee the parameters that were developed during its Oryol selection.
This type of pear is recommended by its authors for cultivation (subject to all the necessary agrotechnical conditions) in large industrial and small home gardens.
In these regions, varieties of pears such as the Cathedral, Krasnobokaya, Elena, Vernaya and Victoria are successfully grown.
Description varieties Orlovskaya beauty
Pear Orlovskaya beauty has the following specific external and structural features:
Tree
This variety is a pronounced strong-growing fruit plant. The height of an adult can reach the mark. at 11-13 meters. The bark on the trunk of a tree is fairly smooth, has a gray color.
Crown, branches. Culture is characterized by a densely foliage crown of a characteristic pyramidal shape. Often it grows so strongly that it is extremely difficult to limit its size in moderate borders even with intensive pruning.
Skeletal branches of the crown grow from a trunk at a rather acute angle. The main branches are gray.
Shoots. The peculiarity of weakly arcuate shoots is their considerable curvature. At the tops of the shoots recorded average pubescence. The section increased, rounded configuration. The dominant color of the shoots is brown or light brown.
On these formations formed buds with conical tops and a smooth surface. Chechevichki presented in modest quantities. The main fruiting plant is provided by simple and complex ringworm.
Leaves. Differ in rather big sizes and elongation, an ellipsoid silhouette. The sheet plate is somewhat concave.
The spiral top of a standard sheet is crowned with a short, pointed tip. At the edges there is a moderate waviness. Smooth, with a characteristic gloss leaves painted in dark colors of green. Each leaf is held on a branch by means of a long stem.
Inflorescences The flowers come from a fairly large smooth buds of conical shape. The standard flower is medium or large, white in color, with a slight terry on the rounded petals.
Fruit
They are characterized by average weight and average size. Usually developed fruit with wide, slightly sloping hips weighs about 150 g.
Smooth, dull, somewhat oily in feeling, the peel at the time of the removal of the fruit from the tree has a green color, but to achieve consumer ripeness it acquires yellow-green color with a red or brown shade.
At the same time numerous small subcutaneous points are clearly visible on the pear. In the same time the flesh is white with light green color.
The oily consistency of this pear is distinguished by a well-felt fine grit.
Inside the fruit, in small seed chambers are medium-sized seeds. Fruits are kept on the tree with elongated, thickened, somewhat curved peduncles.
A photo
Specifications
One of the virtues of the species is pretty high yields. Already at a young age, trees of the "Orlovskaya beauty" variety are annually given to a gardener in on average, up to 100 centners per hectare.
It is worth noting that a similar harvest, many of the pear varieties reach at the time of their fruit maturity. The described culture, becoming an adult tree, demonstrates average yield of 35-40 kg per season, or about 160-200 centners per hectare.
High yields are also demonstrated: Yakovlevskaya, Svetlyanka, Bere Bosk, Talgar beauty and Bere Russkaya.
However, such high rates are not always. In order to achieve maximum yield and optimum quality of fruits, it is necessary not only to comply with all agrotechnical requirements and standards. In many ways, we have to rely on luck, that is, on favorable weather conditions.
The fact is that these pears acquire their best taste, if during their aging is warm, wet weather. Then the fruits become very juicy, fragrant and deliciously sweet.
But if the summer turned out to be cool, without enough rainfall, then the fruits of the “Oryol beauty” may lose their juiciness, become dryish, less sweet and pleasant to taste.
The composition of the fruit includes such chemicals:
| Composition | amount |
|---|---|
| Sahara | 9,3% |
| Titrated acids | 0,21% |
| P-active substances | 24.3 mg / 100 g |
| Vitamin C | 3.8 mg / 100 g |
Another important virtue of this variety is its good winter hardiness. Tests have shown that even very severe frosts down to -35 ° C do not cause the plant any significant damage.
The following varieties are distinguished by frost resistance: Extravaganza, Uralochka, Tyoma, Larinskaya and Perun.
Planting and care
"Oryol Beauty" grows best on loamy soils. For its comfortable life, it is recommended to ensure that the soil always remains fertile.
Another important requirement for the soil - it must be sufficiently moist.
Dry soils, in which the pear root system develops, adversely affect the taste of its fruits.
Therefore, the gardener should keep this in mind and organize sufficient and regular hydration of the landing site.
As for the other requirements for the garden plot, on which it is planned to plant a seedling of this variety, they are almost no different from the requirements for planting other types of pears.
Place it must be well lit by the sun and be in a quiet, windless part of the garden.
Landing is usually done in April. Under the seedling digging a pit about 1 m deep and 65–70 cm in diameter. When planting a tree should not be buried - above ground level root neck should peek out by about 6-7 cm.
Branches can be cut before planting - This will allow the future crown to form correctly. In this case, in no case can not cut the roots. It is necessary to understand: the more roots a seedling has, the faster and better it will take root in a new place.
Before planting the plant, either humus (humus), ammonium nitrate (80 g), potassium sulphate (150 g), or superphosphate (1 kg), or wood ash (700-800 g) should be put in the planting hole.
Having established a sapling in a hole and freely spreading the roots in it, they fill the root system with a mixture of soil extracted during the digging of the hole, along with sand and fertilizers.
After this, a near-stem circle is formed. The boundary of the circle make radial earthen shaft 2-3 cm high, held with a radius of 35-40 cm
In the funnel thus created 2-3 buckets of cold refined water are poured. Watering place at the end of planting is mulched with dry humus and sawdust.
Proper plant care requires regular watering of the tree (for this variety, this factor is very important), loosening the soil, fertilizer, timely and complete protection from diseases and pests.
Diseases and pests
Variety "Oryol beauty" shows high resistance //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html foliage and fruits.
According to the statistics of observations, even in the years of mass spread of this disease, the scab’s damage to its fruit was lower than 0.2, and the leaves were not higher than 1.1.
Successful breeding of this pear requires from the gardener a lot of attention to the "whims" of the plant and a lot of work.
However, the magnificent taste of its fruits and impressive yields more than compensate for all human efforts.
