Hydrangea - very beautiful plant that will decorate any garden or house. To make it grow healthy, you need to follow certain rules of care.
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Outdoor planting
With choosing a place for the plant should take into account a few points. First of all, you should not place a tree hydrangea next to woody plants, as it will feel a lack of moisture.
Hydrangea tree will feel most comfortable in partial shade. Being in a too sunny place is only possible if there is excessive moisture. The best option - a shaded place, which penetrates the sun only in the morning and evening. Best suited windows western or eastern parties.
Compliance with the temperature regime is very important for the healthy growth of hydrangeas. It is necessary to prevent the hydrangea from being at very low or high temperatures, as this can lead to negative consequences. The optimum winter temperature is 4-9 ° Cat other times - not higher 20 ° C.
For the growth of hydrangeas need the right soil. It should be:
- Acidified;
- Enriched with peat, humus or mineral fertilizers;
- Well rammed;
- Moisturized;
- Have good drainage.
- Ready soil can be purchased in specialized stores. Suitable universal. It can be enriched with the necessary substances at home.
To acidify the soil, add shredded pine bark, sawdust or organic waste.
How to care?
For hydrangea needed abundant watering. It quickly evaporates moisture and with its lack begins to fade. Especially the plant needs watering from spring to autumn. It is recommended to water the plant at this time. 1-2 times a week. Intensive watering in winter hydrangea tree can cause rotting of the roots. Soft rain water or room temperature tap water is best for this procedure.
Fertilizer
A timely intake of nutrients is the key to a good growth of hydrangea. The plant should be fertilized. every two weeks mixtures of mineral fertilizers that can be purchased at a specialty store. Once a month make feeding with a solution of potassium permanganate, which strengthens the plant. These procedures must be performed before it blooms.
If the acid-base balance of the soil is disturbed, top dressing will help restore it. For this plant once every two weeks It should be watered with a solution of sulphate of iron, which must be taken in proportion of 2 g per liter of water. 2-3 sessions This procedure will help to cope with the problem.
Pruning
Due to the fast tempo of hydrangea speed, pruning should be done Every year. It is produced in the spring and autumn periods.
Crop young hydrangeas can be dangerously, since there is an increased movement of the juices, and damage to the structure of the plant can lead to its death.
It is best to prune in the fall after reaching 3 years of age.
Trimming is carried out in 4 stages:
- Inspection of the bush for damage, broken branches. Removing defects.
- Removal of old shoots. It speeds up the metabolism in the plant. This stage is intended for plants older than 5 years.
- Last year's processes are shortened by 6-8 buds.
- Destruction of small shoots that do not form inflorescences. They must be removed because they take away a lot of nutrients.
Preparing for the winter
In winter, hydrangea is especially vulnerable even in spite of its cold resistance. In order for the plant to safely survive the winter, you need to prepare it in advance. For this you need:
- Remove manually not fallen leaves;
- Dust with sawdust base of the bush;
- Arrange the planks around the plant and fasten the plant stems on them with ropes;
- Cover with cellophane.
So she will survive even the coldest winter.
Bloom
Flowering begins at 4 years of age. It is distinguished by its duration. Usually lasts 4 months - from July to October.
Inflorescences are located at the ends of the stems and have a spherical shape. Hydrangea flowers are usually white, blue or pink, but there are other variations of paint. Color depends on the acidity of the soil. Blue flowers grow in acidic soil, and flowers painted in warm colors in alkaline soil.
Good pruning helps speed up flowering and increase its intensity.
Breeding
There are three ways in which you can propagate a tree hydrangea:
- Cuttings;
- Division of the bush;
- Layering.
Cuttings
To successfully produce reproduction by cuttings, they must be prepared in the middle of summer. It is best to do this in the morning when the plant is sufficiently saturated with moisture.
Not lignified shoots with 2-3 internodes will serve as good cuttings. To avoid further evaporation of moisture, the leaves are cut in half by cuttings. The handle should be placed at a depth of 2-3 centimeters in a container containing a substrate of peat and sand in a ratio of 2: 1. Between cuttings should be kept a distance of ten centimeters, as the hydrangea roots grow horizontally. The cuttings should root at a temperature of 19-20 ° C.
A month later, the cuttings can be transferred to the ground.
Reproduction cuttings in the fall fraught with difficulty. Problems may be caused by the need to preserve young shoots in winter conditions. For this purpose, the substrate prepared for cuttings is enriched in advance with a solution against the formation of rot. This will help avoid some of the problems with watering.
After the cuttings are planted, the container with them is wrapped in a bag of polyethylene, forming a kind of greenhouse. It should stand in a bright place and air several times a week. As the shoots grow, you can increase their time in the open air.
Reproduction by dividing the bush considered the easiest. To do this, you need to dig a plant and cut it in half together with the shoots and root system. The resulting bushes to plant in a new place.
The division should be done before the start of the flow of the plant.
Reproduction by layering not difficult even for a beginner. It is performed in spring. For successful reproduction you need to follow the step-by-step instruction:
- To prepare in the ground a groove about ten centimeters deep.
- Take one of the shoots from the plant, bend it down and put it in this groove.
- Secure it and pour 1-2 cm of soil on top.
- Bend the upper part of the shoot upward at an angle of 45 °.
- Regularly water, weed and loosen. During the season, add soil 3 times more.
- The next spring is separated using a secateur from a large bush. With a lump of land to plant in a new place.
Hydrangea, obtained in this way, begins to bloom for 4-5 years.
Diseases and pests
Diseases
Hydrangea is prone to many diseases. They can occur if the conditions for the healthy growth of the plant have been violated.
- Trachemicomy wilt
- Gray rot
- Mealy dew
This disease is caused by soil fungi pathogens. The first sign of damage to the plant - the roots rot and turn brown. The flow of nutrient supply decreases, and the upper shoots begin to wither. In this case, saving a flower is almost impossible, so the best way out is to carry out preventive measures.
Fungal plant disease. First of all, it affects young shoots with a light gray rash. With the development of the disease, it affects the hydrangea completely. High humidity has a positive effect on the development of the disease. To cure the disease, you need to remove the infected parts of the plant, then disinfect the container in which the hydrangea grows. For prophylaxis, treat the plant with Fundazole.
Fungal disease. Often, pathogens live right in the soil. White patches appear on the affected areas. Later the leaves begin to wither, the tops of the shoots dry out. With a strong defeat of the plant does not bloom. To cure a plant, it is necessary to remove its infected parts, then observe a favorable temperature and light conditions, as well as fertilize it properly. In case of severe injury, use Vitaros or Fundazol.
Pests
Activity pests can greatly harm the hydrangea, if not in time to take the necessary measures.
Vs aphids, spider mites and other parasites effective remedy fitoderm. If the insects are not very many, they can be removed mechanically.
A special kind of pest - snails. They are found in gardens and open areas. They penetrate the soil and with the onset of spring eat the roots of the plant. Usually eggs are laid there. To prevent snails, you should periodically check the ground around the bushes for their presence and remove them. In cases where there are too many snails, you can use chemicals that are sold in specialized stores.
Thus, the hydrangea tree is a very beautiful plant, but caring for it is not easy. The main thing is to choose the right place for it, observe the watering regime and timely treat diseases, and then the plant will grow beautiful and healthy.
Useful information
You can get acquainted with other materials about hydrangea garden:
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- How to protect against diseases and pests?
