Different varieties of maple can be found in almost every city. The reason for the popularity of these amazing trees is their resistance to negative environmental factors and beautiful appearance. Further in the article you will learn about one of the representatives of this family - the Tatar Maple (or Chernoklen). We will get acquainted with a detailed description of this plant, a photo of how the tree itself looks, its leaves, how it blooms and what the fruits of maple are, and also get acquainted with the proper planting and care of it.
Description and photo
In the wild, Tatar maple is widespread in forest-steppes, on the outskirts of forests and their edges, along river banks. It can be found on the territory of Russia, in the south of Western Europe, in the Balkan and Caucasus countries, in Asia Minor (Iran, Turkey).
The maple shown in the photo is a small tree or a large shrub with red or dark brown shoots and a huge number of leaves.
The height reaches a maximum of 10m, with a smooth dark, sometimes black, bark, its crown is wide-oval, which can easily be given the desired shape.
The leaves are oblong, shaped like a trident or an egg, have “teeth” along the edges, the upper surface is bright green in color, the lower one is pale green, and there is a slight fluff along the veins. 
In the autumn period, the leaves are strongly transformed and acquire a very showy appearance, since they change their color to red or yellowish-red.
Also, a very specific type of plant has during flowering. During this period, the leaves grow strongly, and white inflorescences appear on their background. Such a spectacular view, the tree retains for three weeks.
You will probably be interested to read about how to grow a red and Norway maple in their area.
Special charm in the decorative maple make its fruits, the so-called lionfish or helicopter. Initially, these fruits are red in color, and eventually turn brown. What the maple fruit looks like is clearly visible in the photo.
Chernoklain tolerates drought and frost very well, soils with a high salt content, an increased amount of car exhaust, which is why it is often planted in large cities for landscaping.
It is planted alone or in groups, form hedges. Next to him recommend planting pines, birches, oaks, lindens. 
Did you know? The Tatar maple was cultivated in 1759.
Growing conditions
Tatar maple, unlike most of its kind, is undemanding to the conditions of growth. It is less whimsical to the ground, lighting and the constant presence of moisture, so it is easy to adapt even to urban features.
In winter, it does not need excessive care, as it is resistant to severe frosts.
Location and lighting
Choosing a place for landing Chernoklena, give preference to open areas with sufficient lighting. If to find such a plot is problematic, then the tree can be placed in a semi-shaded area - it will definitely not feel worse.
However, for decorative and hardwood subspecies, still choose the sunny side, since with a lack of rays, the quality of the foliage color will significantly deteriorate. 
Soil mix
For growing suitable fertile loosened soil, the permissible acidity of which does not exceed 7.5 pH. The soil composition should contain sand, turf and humus in a ratio of 1: 2: 3. When planting in the prepared hole, you can make mineral additives, such as nitroammofosku, within 150 g
Planting seedlings
As a rule, black planting is carried out in the autumn, after the abscission of all the leaves, or in the spring before the foliage blooms. When seedlings are planted in groups, between them leave a distance of two to five meters.
The diameter of the landing pit should be about 80 cm, and the depth - about half a meter. The maple root system grows more in breadth than in depth, so it is permissible to penetrate the neck of the root by a few centimeters.
If the area where you are going to plant a tree is flooded, swamped, there is a high level of groundwater, drainage from sand, pebbles, screenings or crushed stones from 10 cm to 20 cm thick is poured into the landing pit.
Not superfluous during planting will add to the bed rotted sawdust, manure or complex mineral fertilizers. 
Tree care
The Tatar maple needs careful care during the first time after planting and during periods of very severe drought. General care recommendations consist of timely pruning, watering, and, if necessary, fertilizer.
Watering and soil care
Regular watering the plant is needed after planting in the ground, the rate is about 20 liters per tree, the frequency of irrigation is directly dependent on the drying out of the soil, but in the dry season, this procedure must be repeated every week.
Adult bushes or trees can be watered infrequently, since Chernoklen, like its other brothers, can grow without irrigation, however, for better growth, it should be watered at least once a month.
Also, after planting, you often need to loosen the ground around the maple at a shallow depth and burn weeds. After planting, it is recommended to carry out mulching with a mixture of peat and earth from molehills.
Important! Loosening is needed after each watering so that the earth does not become compacted.
Top dressing
As a rule, Tartar maple is fed under the condition that no fertilizers were applied during planting. In this case, you need to fertilize the next spring after planting trees. Such fertilizers are suitable for this:
- urea - about 40 g per 1 m²;
- potassium salt - from 15 g to 25 g per 1 m²;
- superphosphates - from 30 g to 50 g per 1 m².
Kemira conduct summer top dressing after loosening at the rate of 100 g to 120 g per 1 m².
Pruning
Chernoklen needs annual sanitary pruning of the crown. At the end of November, either in spring, before the buds swell and the sap begins to move along the tree, all damaged, dried and diseased branches should be removed. But the trimming is best done in the middle or end of June.
Diseases and pests
The most common maple disease is coral spotting. In this disease, small reddish spots are formed on the cortex, and entire branches can die off because of it.
Infected branches must be removed immediately, and the cut must be treated with activated charcoal or garden pitch.
Important! The tool that is used for pruning must be disinfected.
In addition to pruning, dormant buds can be treated with 5% copper sulfate.A disease such as powdery mildew is also found. In order to get rid of it, the tree can be sprayed with fungicides, Topaz, Vitaros, Fundazol are considered the most effective.
Diluted preparations can not be stored, so the treatment should be carried out immediately. But the plant can be cured without resorting to chemicals. Well helps solution with soap and soda.
To prepare it, you need to dissolve 5 g of ordinary baking soda and a little bit of simple soap, which plays the role of glue, in one liter of water.
Maple should be sprayed in such a way that the solution falls on both sides of the leaves, the repeated procedure can be carried out no earlier than after three days.
The most common pests that attack a plant are whitefly, mealybug and leaf weevil. In order to get rid of the whitefly, chernoklen must be sprayed with Aktellik 0.1%, chlorophos 0.15% or Ammophos. 
Also be sure to burn all the fallen leaves. From mealybugs help processing with Nitrafen 3% and Karbofos 0.1%
If you found a weevil, you need to spray the plant with Chlorofos 0.3% and process the soil around 7% Chlorophos.
Did you know? Sugar is made from maple syrup. In some countries, such sugar is much more popular than regular beetroot.
Wintering plants
From the above, we see that maple does not require special conditions for planting and excessive self-care. However, shortly before the onset of winter cold, young maple trees in the first few years should be sheltered using dead fallen leaves or spruce leaves (branches of spruce trees).
You can also use burlap, wrapping it in a pair of layers of the trunk. The main thing is to protect the root neck from frost. If the young shoots are still damaged and die, then it is better to prune them.
In the spring, the tree will grow, and the crown will be renewed due to new shoots, which will have time to woody before the next winter period. Over time, the maple becomes more resistant to low temperatures, and then the need for shelter disappears. 
Beneficial features
Chernoklen is a plant that contains a large amount of vitamins, minerals and enzymes in its leaves, bark and juice. Therefore, he found wide application in traditional medicine and cosmetology.
Maple syrup is brewed from tree sap, which is rich in vitamins from group B, C, antioxidants, mineral salts and fructose.
Learn more about the benefits and contraindications of maple.
This drink improves the metabolic processes in the body, helps with obesity, restores pancreatic function, strengthens the cardiovascular system, has a wound-healing effect. It is prescribed even for cancer patients.
Tatar maple is considered a good honey plant. Honey is obtained from it curative: it helps with chronic diseases, restores immunity, and improves the functioning of organs. 
It is also used for cosmetic purposes, namely it is added to the composition of baths, masks and lotions. Regularly applying such cosmetics, you can restore and rejuvenate the skin.
Harvest also the bark of this plant. In the spring, it is carefully cut off in narrow strips, dried in the sun and crushed. Medicinal properties also have the leaves and fruits, from which medicinal decoctions and tinctures are obtained.
They treat inflammations, fight with scurvy and jaundice. Fresh leaves and bark powder can heal not only wounds, but trophic ulcers.
Collection of leaves, bark and dried fruit is used in the complex treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchitis, hepatitis, problems of the urolithic system.
After reviewing the description and photo of how black-crested looks like maple flowers, we were convinced that it is not only beautiful, but also an unpretentious plant that tolerates both heat and cold, it can be planted alone or create a hedge. 
But besides this, Chernoklen has many useful properties and can be used in traditional medicine.
