The medicinal properties of such a plant as a burner are known to people in our latitudes from ancient times. In the past, it was rarely cultivated separately, since this plant could be found almost everywhere, however, with the changing climatic and ecological conditions, it began to gradually disappear from the fields and meadows. In our article you will find information about the features of planting, caring for this grass and a botanical description of its varieties.
Botanical description
Pickling refers to perennial herbaceous plants and has many different folk names, the most popular among which are: meadow grass, blood stab, cold grass, wild rowan, owl arrow. A typical representative of the genus Pepter is a pulmonary pulp, also known as pharmacy, or glandular.
The burner has a long, usually horizontally placed thick rhizome, the length of which reaches 10-12 centimeters. From the central rhizome there are multiple thin and long fibrous roots. The stem is erect, from 30 centimeters to 1 meter in height, more often single, its upper part often branches, inside it has a continuous cavity, smooth to the touch, bare.
Did you know? According to the old tradition, all young children were treated and carried out the prevention of neurological diseases with the help of this plant. "To lie in the meadow among the clumps and inhale their scent," was the traditional recipe for good health.
The leaves, located in the basal region, are long-petiolate, rather large in size, pinnate, their upper part is dark green in color, shiny, the lower part is lighter and dim. The leaflets on the stalks are unpaired, sessile. All of them have an elongated egg shape and sharp, sawtooth edges.
The flowers are small in size, usually dark red, they form heads in the shape of an oval or spike, 1.5–3 centimeters in size, they are located on long peduncles. Bracts - long, hairy, brown, with membranes. The flowering process occurs in the summer. As a fruit, the plant gives dry nuts of a tetrahedral form of brown color, 3-5 millimeters in size.
Throughout the season, such perennial plants will delight you with continuous decorativeness: host, Badan, astilba, geykher, hellebore, stonecrop, viola, tradescantia.
Distribution and habitat
Most often, this plant can be found in the fields, in flood and dry meadows, on the flattering edges and clearings, along river cliffs and banks, in the thickets of some shrubs. Especially a lot of it can be found in the marshland. A typical type of burnet is listed in the Red Book of Latvia, some regions of Ukraine and Russia.
Krovokhlebki spread over the territory of almost all of Europe, North America, as well as regions of East Asia with a temperate climate. Single specimens can also be found in Central Asia, in the Tien Shan mountains. In Russia, the plant is mostly distributed in its Siberian part, the Far Eastern regions, the European part and in the Caucasus.
Did you know? The Russian name of this herb is a complete tracing from the Latin "Sanguisorba", which literally translates as "sanguis" - blood, "sorbeo" - absorb.
Popular varieties of burner
The general appearance of all the varieties of the grass under consideration is largely the same; only the color of the inflorescences, their length and sometimes the size and shape of the leaves make up the difference. Here is a list of the most popular varieties of burner
- Tana - the most popular of the modern artificially bred varieties of this plant, with bright red buds, whose height reaches 80 centimeters.
- Pink brashes - has a more dense compared to the typical type of leaf structure and light pink color of the inflorescences.
- Rhesus - possesses flowers of dark pink color and pinnately dissected leaves with slightly notched edges.
- Menzies - has leaves, the edge of which has a white border, as well as pinkish narrow buds, the length of which can be up to 5-6 centimeters.
- Gorgeous - endemic of the Ussuri region. Known primarily for its decorative properties. Possesses large, hairy inflorescences of a bright pink shade dangling from a stalk, which advantageously bluish foliage.
- Dull - grows mainly in mountainous areas, has very fluffy pale pink buds and very tall stems.
Medical applications
Among the therapeutic properties of this herb can be distinguished antimicrobial, tonic, hemostatic, astringent, tonic and immunostimulating. Most of all beneficial bio-active substances are found in the rhizome of the plant. Especially a lot of its root contains a variety of tannins, the average weight of which in terms of chemical composition reaches 20-25%.
On the basis of the root of the burnet, there is a mass of various drugs intended for both external and internal use. And if external use primarily involves the use of alcoholic infusions and rubbing to treat various irritations, injuries and stop bleeding, the range of internal use of drugs based on this plant is very wide.
Important! Before using any folk remedies using this plant, get a preliminary consultation with a doctor in order to avoid possible side effects and allergic reactions.
For example, there are drugs designed to strengthen the immune function, treat diarrhea, get rid of excessive swelling, reduce intestinal motility, to treat various pulmonary diseases, manifested by hemoptysis, diseases of the female reproductive system.
Each of these funds, in the form of decoction, infusion, tea, ointment, candles, etc., is consumed according to the instructions attached to it.
Also, immunity is positively influenced by: safflower, horseradish, garlic, savory, apples, ramson, fir, black walnut, aloe, almonds, white sturgeon, viburnum, dogwood, magnolia vine, mint, basil, melissa.
Growing at home
Burnet - a plant that is rather undemanding to the growing conditions, and caring for it, as a rule, is not particularly difficult. However, even taking into account the above, there are special aspects of its cultivation, which you can find in more detail below.
Growing conditions
This plant does not need abundant sunshine, however, if you want to fully reveal its decorative potential, it is recommended to plant a corot in well-lit areas. Growing a coot in the pots at home is certainly possible, but in practice this breeding tactic of this plant is unproductive and can make it much more difficult for you to care for it.
Cold grass is very easy and without much harm to itself carries an abundance of various waters in the place of its growth, so there is no need to choose a site that would necessarily be located away from the places of accumulation of surface-lying groundwater and water bodies. The plant also very easily transfers the influence of wind and drafts, primarily due to the dense coupling of leaves and flowers with stalks, so you can ignore this factor when choosing a landing site for it.
It will be useful for you to learn more about the different types and properties of soil, fertilizer systems for them, how to independently determine the acidity of the soil on the site, how to deoxidize it, and also find out what it depends on and how to improve soil fertility.
Soil and fertilizer
It is desirable to choose the soil fertile, rich in various mineral and organic compounds, it is best to plant it on chernozem with a loose, crumbly structure. Sandy and clay soils with a porous texture are also suitable. The acidity of the soil should be either neutral or, at the very least, slightly acidic. Alkaline soils contribute poorly to the adequate growth and development of this plant.
With adequate location and soil, Lugovka does not require any dressings before planting and in the process of growth, but if you see that the plant clearly lacks fertilizer, then you should spend 2-3 cycles of alternating mineral and organic dressings. Superphosphate at the rate of 150-200 grams per bucket of water will be suitable as a mineral feed, and mullein or fermented bird droppings can be used for fertilizing with organic matter 1:10.
Important! Notice that the new grass for 5-7 years it is impossible to plant in the place of growth of old thickets because of the phenomenon of "soil fatigue", and also because parts affected by various diseases and parasites from which new plants can become infected may remain in the soil.
It is best to fertilize the plant in question before sunrise or after sunset., because the interaction of fertilizers with sunlight may lead to a chemical reaction, during which the plant will burn stalks. It is necessary to pour water with fertilizers directly under the root, trying not to soak the stems and leaves. If you intend to plant a krovloblebka in barren soil, it is recommended to pre-fertilize it once with superphosphate in the above dosages.
Watering and moisture
A sufficiently large amount of water resources is required for a burner for its normal growth and development. therefore it is recommended to water it daily at the rate of 1 bucket of water per 1-2 square meters. In this case, the water must necessarily be cold, preferably in order to be separated, well, or from an artesian well, since the chlorine contained in the tap water may lead to the loss of the bright and attractive color of the bloodlet.
It is also desirable that the humidity of the air around the plant is maintained at a level that is approximately equal to its endemic habitats, that is, about 60-80%. To do this, you can just water the plant abundantly according to the proportions indicated above, and if this is not enough, and you see that it starts to fade, you can additionally spray your boom with water from a spray gun once a day, preferably before sunrise. In particular, it is worth actively watering a blood burner in a hot and dry summer.
Learn how to grow plants such as: juniper, lavender, rosemary, savory, fern asplenium, indoor room, coffee tree, azalea, kalanchoe, anthurium, geranium, orchid, spathiphyllum, violet, begonia at home.
Breeding
To plant a plant at home can be two main methods: vegetative and with the help of seeds. Both methods have proven to be quite effective, however, since the vegetative method involves more effort and the desired additional experience in this matter, it would be better if you use the second method to start.
Seeds
The process of reproduction of a seed pellet by seeds is rather laborious, however, if you follow all the recommendations below, it will be very easy for you. Here is an approximate algorithm of actions:
- Collect the seeds in late August and early September, after most of the inflorescences have faded.
- After they have dried for 2-3 weeks, prepare them for sowing, removing all empty and damaged seeds - to do this, put them in a glass with water and remove those that do not sink to its bottom.
- At the end of autumn, start sowing in open ground - to do this, form a groove 5-6 centimeters deep, pour seeds into it and sprinkle it on top of the ground.
- In the spring, expect the emergence of the first shoots, and the beginning of the active flowering of the seedbed planted in such a way will be 2-3 years after sowing.
Important! Try to sow the krovlolebku away from other plants, especially with poorly developed root system, since in the future it will almost completely take all the nutrients from its neighbors.
Vegetative
The vegetative method implies the division of the rhizome of a cinderbled into several parts and their subsequent germination in greenhouse conditions with further transplantation into the ground with the onset of a warm period. Here is an approximate algorithm for this technique:
- Dig up the rhizome of the plant, carefully clean it from the ground and divide it with a sharp knife into even sections of 3-5 centimeters. This manipulation is best done at the end of November.
- Put the resulting delenki in separate pots in a greenhouse or at home, pour them with a small amount of water and cover with clear glass or plastic wrap to prevent moisture from evaporating.
- With the appearance of the first sprout, remove the glass or film and water the plant with a small amount of water every day so as to soak the top 3-4 centimeters of the soil (the wetting depth can be checked with a finger or a pencil).
- In spring, after the average daily temperature rises to + 7 ... + 10 ° C, you can begin to harden the seedlings, bringing it to fresh air for 10-15 minutes.
- With the onset of May, mature and hardened plants can be planted in open ground, which, if desired and required, can be fertilized using the algorithms written above.
Relation to temperature
The pedicle is rather easily able to withstand both the conditions of a harsh winter and hot summer, this is especially true for those plants that are planted near reservoirs or not far from the places of accumulation of surface-surface groundwater. It is worth saying that a owl's arrow does not require particularly scrupulous preparation for wintering, it is enough to cut off all the dried up stems on its own, and the plant does not need additional weatherization.
In the event that the winter has stood out with little snow, but at the same time it is cold, it will not be superfluous to sprinkle a small amount of peat or sand in the form of the rhizome of this grass over the proposed location. However, in general, the cinderbed feels quite comfortable under a layer of snow, which, by the way, is recommended from time to time, in the case of a small thickness of its layer, throw a shovel at the plant growth site.
Possible difficulties in growing
The burner is a plant that is prone to sowing, therefore, in case you want to have aesthetically attractive and controlled undergrowth, it is recommended to cut off all dry inflorescences immediately after their detection. If you intend to collect seeds for re-sowing, then you should know that dry inflorescences cut at any time are suitable for this purpose.
In addition, we once again draw your attention to the fact that it is necessary to maintain an optimal balance of moisture and sunlight, which, on the one hand, would allow your plants to grow and develop normally, and on the other hand, would not be too lean or excessive for them . This skill comes over time, so don’t worry if you have some problems with it first.
Pests, diseases and prevention
Like most other wild-growing plants, the burner is extremely rarely subjected to attacks of parasites and various diseases.
Of the diseases, the greatest danger is represented by a variety of fungi, among which a separate black leg, gray rot and powdery mildew should be singled out.
The most dangerous parasites for the burnet are slugs, sawflies and ants that parasitize on leaves and flowers, gradually eating them.
You can get rid of pests by treating your grass thickets with a solution of any insecticide, which are very widely represented in many specialty stores. Treatment of diseases involves cutting all affected parts of the plant, up to the removal of the entire stem and rhizome of a diseased cannabis and treatment with any fungicide, for example, Bordeaux liquid.
In order to prevent the occurrence of such processes, your plants use the same substances as for the purpose of treating a problem that has already arisen, only in somewhat lower concentrations. It must be said that prevention is often carried out by spraying the plants from the sprayer at the moment of the beginning of the processes of active sap flow (in the middle of spring). In order to prevent the development of fungal infections of seeds and increase their shelf life, they are often pickled with basezol or formalin.
Important! When working with chemicals, be sure to follow all personal safety rules and strictly follow the instructions in their instructions.
So, we hope that this article has helped you find all the information you are interested in regarding such a plant as a pullover. Carefully and with love treat your site, form the most attractive and unusual from your point of view compositions, including a meadow, and your garden will delight your family with its wonderful appearance and comfort for more than a decade!
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