Phytophthora is a parasitic fungus that infects tomatoes, potatoes and other crops. An important point in preventing the development of late blight is the choice of disease-resistant varieties.
The disease is spread by spores, and affects the space between the cells, causing the fruits to rot, and the leaves and shoots dry out. In greenhouse conditions, the risk of infection of tomatoes increases.
High humidity, high temperature, dead air - ideal conditions for the growth and development of the parasite fungus. If the disease is prolonged, it will destroy the entire crop.
Danger of illness
Late blight is a terrible disease, since it cannot be recognized at the initial stage.. Disputes are not only tenacious, but can also adapt to chemicals. Spores tolerate cold when in a sleepy state. They live on constructions, inventory.
In the ground, on garters for tomatoes, on seeds. Phytophthora at an early stage of development is manifested by gray-brown spots on fruits, stems and foliage. If you do not carry out treatment, the leaves begin to dry, and the fruit is severely deformed, and there is rot with an unpleasant smell.
Phytophthora able to destroy up to 70% of the crop of tomato. In some cases, even seemingly healthy fruits taken on ripening begin to rot in storage areas.
Late blight rapidly spreads through potato tops, so planting tomatoes near the plantings of potatoes is strictly prohibited.
Tomatoes immune to illness: truth or myth?
Breeders are working to create new varieties of tomatoes resistant to phytophthora, and they succeeded. But there are no such varieties that are 100% protected from this disease. Early ripening varieties were partitioned, which give the crop until the late blight begins to develop.
Besides tomato hybrids have good immunitythat helps the plant not to get phytophthora. Consider the most common tomatoes, which are fond of gardeners in our country.
Large-fruited varieties
If there are large, large-sized structures on the site, then they can be planted with indeterminate tomato varieties with large fruits. These varieties have a narrow focus, as they are consumed fresh and for preparing juices, tomato pastes and sauces, they are not suitable for canning.
Tea rose
Tall, productive variety that will decorate any site. The bush looks like a vine, on which branches of fruits are arranged like grapes. The skin of the tomato is dense, smooth, glossy, which prevents cracking.
This is a large-fruited variety, the weight of one tomato reaches 400 grams. one shrub gives 6 kg of fruit. This is a very tasty and healthy product that many gardeners love.
Etoile
This grade is intended for closed ground. The stem is lianovid and can grow endlessly, but breeders advise to pinch the tip at 1.5 meters, and form a bush with no more than three layers.
If you form a larger number of stems, the fruits will be crushed, as they will not have enough nutrients. An early ripe tomato, with roundish fruits on which ridge strips are strongly pronounced. The variety is large-fruited, with good agricultural technology, the weight is 300 grams.
Esmira
Large-fruited variety of pink tomatoes, which washes to give a big harvest, subject to the formation of a bush in 1 trunk. Positive sides of tomato:
- fruit - 300 g;
- color - pink;
- ovaries form even under adverse conditions;
- good keeping quality and transportation;
- resistant to all types of diseases.
Some gardeners form 2 cuttings, but this does not increase the yield, and it takes longer to wait for ripe tomatoes.
Anniversary Tarasenko
High-yielding variety for greenhouses, which is pleasant to many gardeners, as from one bush you can get up to 15 kg of ripe, tasty fruits. Tomato requires garters and bush formation. If the greenhouse area allows, you can form up to three stems.
1884
Magnificent large-fruited variety record holder. With proper care, the weight of one tomato can reach 1 kg. no more than two plants are planted on one square of the greenhouse area. Tall variety - up to 2 meters. When staving leave only 1 main stem, which requires good supports and garters, as the fruits are very heavy.
Medium versatile
The shape of the fruit in these varieties is small, which allows it to be used not only fresh, but also for canning. These are universal tomatoes.
Roma
Beautiful red fruits with a rich brown tintmay surprise neighbors and guests. Determinant culture is intended for cultivation in greenhouses. The plant is mid-season, the harvest begins to give as early as 95 days.
Hali gali
Excellent, mid-season, universal variety of tomato. Fruits are small with a pointed tip, dense skin and excellent taste.
Tomato greenhouse, requires the formation of a bush and garters. The yield is high, which makes the tomato attractive for planting at the dacha. Breeders brought this hybrid with high resistance to late blight, powdery mildew and other diseases.
Frost
A magnificent hybrid that requires 14 hours of daylight. The grade is intended for cultivation in greenhouses. if the culture is planted in the middle lane, then you should take care of additional lighting, but this is not all the nuances of cultivation. Separately worth noting:
- 50 days before planting in the greenhouse produce seeds;
- planting density - 3 bushes per square meter;
- feeding every two weeks;
- For a quick and good harvest form a bush in 2 stalks.
Moscow delicacy
Sweet, high-yielding tomato, which has become popular among gardeners, for its great taste. The variety is intended only for greenhouses. The bush grows up to 1.8 meters in height. Very whimsical plant and requires a special approach to farming.
The fruit of the plant is not large, weighing only 180 g, which allows the use of a tomato in the winter harvest. The color of the tomato is very attractive with not brightly pronounced stripes. Requires garters and bush formation. Experienced growers advise to remove all the lower leaves, to prevent diseases.
Silver fir
The variety is very decorative, as its carved, thin leaves have a silver plaque. Fruits from bright red to orange, rounded flat shape. The taste of the fruit is sweet, rich, which allows you to use it as a separate dish, and prepares juices.
Early ripe grade for cultivation in greenhouses. The bush is very beautiful, but requires standard care - garter, pasynkovanie. Resistant to phytophthora.
Tall and undersized
Small tomatoes have a richer flavor, while they contain much more vitamins and nutrients. Consider the main varieties of tomato with small fruits.
Shuttle
Early ripe, undersized variety, small bush only 0.5 m tall. Only 85 days pass from planting to first fruits. The shape of the fruit is elongated with a sharp tip, looks very good in canned form. The weight of one tomato does not exceed 60 grams. thanks to its dense skin, the tomato is well stored and transported.
High-yielding variety, able to give the crop before the frost, which makes it vulnerable to fungal diseases.
If the greenhouse on the plot with heating, it is possible to grow two crops per season.
Does not require the formation of a bush, but the props are needed so that the stems do not break off from the weight of the fruit.
Um champion
Average shrubs varieties grow a little more than half a meter. The compactness of the tomato allows you to plant it quite often, while one bush per season gives 7 kg of crop. Small fruits literally stick around the branches. This is a hybrid plant, resistant to all types of diseases. The grade received recognition for the following qualities:
- high yield;
- good immunity;
- not afraid of temperature changes;
- grows well on balconies and window sills;
- has a sweet taste.
The downside is that tomatoes practically do not lie, quickly begin to deteriorate. But even kids make preparations and juices made from it.
Schelkovsky early
Extra early variety of tomato, with red, small fruits. From planting to the first harvest takes only 80 days. Grow a variety only in greenhouse conditions and it has certain advantages:
- short growing season;
- resistance to phytophthora;
- universal in use;
- yields are high, even when grown in a flower pot on the balcony.
The resistance to late blight is so high that the variety is grown even under a film coating.
Ephemer
Extra early tomato with a small bush - 70 cm. Fruits are small, even, red weighing 60 g each. The yield of the variety is quite high, from the bush you can get up to 6 kg of fruit.
Tomatoes are collected in brushes, 8-10 pieces. Farms love this variety for its presentation, the stability of the fruit to transport and long storage. Tomatoes are suitable for cultivation in greenhouses, and the greenhouse can even have a film coating. High resistance to fungal diseases.
Conclusion
Late blight increases the risk of a total loss of the tomato crop, but with the right choice of planting material, a competent approach to farming, it is possible to avoid this misfortune on your own plot. When growing tomatoes in greenhouses, you must observe the following rules:
- frequent airing;
- treatment with prophylactic agents;
- proper care of tomatoes;
- watering only at the root.
It is also worth remembering that only strong plants that have passed pre-potting are planted in the greenhouse.
